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Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) is a government funded, public university, originally established by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875. The Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College became Aligarh Muslim University in 1920. The main campus of AMU is located in the city of Aligarh. Spread over 467.6 hectares, AMU offers more than 300 courses in both traditional and modern branches of education. According to the 2014 Asia Ranking of ''Times Higher Education'', AMU ranks 3rd among universities in India.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url = http://www.amu.ac.in/AcademicProgress.jsp )〕 The university comprises all castes, creeds, religions and genders, and is on the list of Institutes of National Importance.〔http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/Const.Pock%202Pg.Rom8Fsss(35).pdf〕〔http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol9p21b.htm〕 == History == It was established as Madrasatul Uloom Musalmanan-e-Hind in 1875–78,〔"Aligarh" in ''Chambers's Encyclopædia''. London: George Newnes, 1961, Vol. 1, p. 267.〕 The Anglo–Indian statesman Syed Ahmad Khan founded the predecessor of AMU, the Muhammadan Anglo Oriental College, in 1875 having already established two schools. He considered competence in English and "Western sciences" necessary skills for maintaining Muslims' political influence, especially in Northern India. Khan's image for the college was based on his visit to Oxford and Cambridge and he wanted to establish an education system similar to the British model.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.amu.ac.in/amuhistory.jsp )〕 HH Sir Mohammad Ali Mohammad Khan and the Aga Khan III also played a major role in realising the idea of Syed Ahmed Khan by collecting funds for building the Aligarh Muslim University〔(【引用サイトリンク】author = Express Tribune )〕 In the beginning the college was affiliated with the University of Calcutta but became an affiliate of Allahabad University in 1885. Around 1900 efforts began to make the college its own university. Its range of courses was expanded and a girls school was added in 1907 before it became the Aligarh Muslim University in 1920. The Aligarh Muslim University Act of 1920 made it a central university.〔 The university was designed to train Muslims for government service in India and prepare them for advanced training in British universities. In 1927, a school for the blind was established and, the following year, a medical school was attached to the university. By the end of the 1930s, the university had developed an Engineering faculty. Syed Zafarul Hasan, joined the Aligarh Muslim University in early 1900s as head of Philosophy Department, dean Faculty of Arts. He was a pro-vice chancellor before his retirement. Before 1939, faculty members and students supported an all-India nationalist movement. After 1939, political sentiment shifted toward support for a Muslim separatist movement. Students and faculty mobilised behind Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the university became an center of Pakistan Movement.〔Mushirul Hasan, "Nationalist and Separatist Trends in Aligarh, 1915–47," ''Indian Economic and Social History Review,'' (January 1985) 22#1 pp 1–33〕〔(Zakir Ali Khan, an alumni of AMU, in an Interview with ''The Dawn'', Pakistani newspaper )〕 In late 2014 the university's vice-chancellor Zameerud-din Shah turned down a demand by female students to be allowed to use the Maulana Azad Library, which was male-only. Shah stated that the issue was not one of discipline, but of space as if girls were allowed in the library there would be "four times more boys," putting a strain on the library's capacity.〔Eram Agha, ( Girls in AMU library will ‘attract’ boys: VC ). The Times of India, November 11, 2014.〕〔(Irani slams AMU V-C over women in library remark ). Hindustan Times, November 11, 2014.〕〔(Allow entry of girls inside library: Allahabad High Court to AMU ). Deccan Chronicle, November 25, 2014.〕 Although there was a separate library for the university's Women's College, it was not as well-stocked as the Maulana Azad Library.〔 National human resource and development minister Smriti Irani decried Shah's defense as "an insult to daughters."〔 Responding to a petition filed by a Human Rights Law Network intern, the Allahabad High Court ruled in November 2014 that the university's ban on female students from using the main library was unconstitutional, and that accommodations must be made to facilitate student use regardless of gender.〔〔(India court library ban on women 'unconstitutional' ). BBC News Online, November 14, 2014.〕 The High Court gave the university until November 24, 2014 to comply.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aligarh Muslim University」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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